Socialization

13 Pages 3276 Words

g of children on obsessional and other "anal"
behaviour). Learning theory led to the study of the effects of
rewards and punishments on simple social behaviour and was extended
to more complex processes such as imitation and morality (e.g., the
analysis of conscience).
The self
Such concepts as self-esteem, self-image, and ego-involvement have
been regarded by some social psychologists as useful, while others
have regarded them as superfluous. There is a considerable amount of
research on such topics as embarrassment and behaviour in front of
audiences, in which self-image and self-esteem have been assessed by
various self-rating methods. The origin of awareness of self has
been studied in relation to the reactions of others and to the
child's comparisons of himself with other children. Particular
attention has been paid to the so-called identity crisis that is
observed at various stages of life (e.g., in adolescence) as the
person struggles to discern th...