PharmacoEconomics

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• Economic: Drug Cost?
o Per unit
o Per dose Acquisition cost
o Per day
o Per tx.
o Per outcome

• Example: Drug A: $200 per dose
Drug B: $750 per dose
Formulary Decision?
1. In the past; compare acquisition cost A < B
2. Pharmacoecomonic concepts:
a. Clinical: Check efficacy & safety
b. Economic: Check other direct/indirect medical costs
Pharmacoeconomics
• What is the value of the pharmaceutical goods and services I provided to patients?
o Economic outcomes Clinical outcomes
o Determine which alternative yields the optimal outcome per dollar spent

Methods of Pharmacoeconomics
• COI – cost of illness
• CMA – cost minimization analysis
• CBA – cost benefit analysis
• CEA – cost effectiveness analysis
• CUA – cost utility analysis
• Quality of Life

Cost Determination Analysis

Types of Cost
• Direct medical costs
o Medical care expenditures for diagnosis, treatment, continuing care, rehabilitation, and terminal care.
o Example: drugs, hospitalization, outpatient clinical care, nursing homes care, home health care, services of primary physicians, special physicians, and other health providers …..

• Direct non-medical cost
o The out- of- pocket expenses for goods and services outside the medical care section.
o Example: transportation, food, family care, home aides, cost of hotel room near a treatment center, etc.
o $ of research, $ administration, $ of training

• Indirect medical Cost
o Measures the loss in productivity due to morbidity & mortality associated with disease.
o Human capital (productivity) approach
 The decrease in economic output (gross national product, GNP) resulting from the loss of an individual from the work force either as a result of death or morbidity
 Example: days of lost work due to temporary disability, the earnings stream due to permanent disability or death.
 Used most often to es...