Napster

6 Pages 1504 Words

Ethical Analysis of Napster

Technical Issue

The Napster software (http://www.napster.com/), launched early in 1999, allows Internet users to share and download MP3 files directly from any computer connected to the Napster network. The software is used by downloading a client program from the Napster site and then connecting to the network through this software, which allows sharing (uploading and downloading) of MP3 files between all users connected to the network.
While Napster does not condone copyright infringement, there is no opportunity in the software to stop this, or for royalties to be paid to artists whose songs are being duplicated for free.

Unlike similar file-sharing applications (Gnutella, Freenet), Napster limits users to uploading/downloading of MP3 files only. These files are compressed wave (*.wav) files. The advantage of MP3 files is that they are approximately one-tenth the size of the corresponding .wav file and can be close-to-CD-quality. It is for this reason that many artists, record labels and other music industry stakeholders are concerned by the MP3 file format and applications like Napster that simplify the sharing of copyrighted material. Other file formats in common used on the Internet are not as threatening to the recording industry, primarily due to the reduced quality of the recording. Real audio (*.ra, *.rm) files have reduced sound quality (comparable to radio) and are usually streamed over a different protocol, allowing people to listen to songs without having (or being able) to download the source files.

The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), a trade group representing the US recording industry, alleges that Napster is enabling and encouraging the illegal copying and distribution of copyrighted music. Also, a number of universities have blocked student access to Napster. Universities say they are taking this step primarily because so many students are downloading music ...