Characteristics Of Effective Schools

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p.11) mention that there are seven processes that encompassed most activities of school life:

· The practice of teaching and learning
· The exercise of leadership
· The practice of management and organization
· The practice of collective review
· The creation of an environment most suitable for learning
· The promotion of staff development
.
Also, Peter Mortimore and others listed the characteristics of successful schools as:
· Purposeful leadership by head
· Involvement of deputy head
· Involvement of teachers
· Consistency among teachers
· Structured lessons
· Intellectually challenging
· Work-centred environment
· Limited focus in sessions
· Maximum communication between teachers and pupils
· Parental involvement
· Record keeping
· Positive climate (1998:p.10)

Further more, Sergiovanni (1995) identified some of the characteristics of effective schools as,
· Student centred
· Offer academically rich programs
· Provide instructions that promote student learning
· Have a positive school climate
· Foster collegial interaction
· Have extensive staff development
· Practice shared leadership
· Foster creative problem solving
· Involve parents and the community

Sammons et al. (1995:p.31) identify the most important eleven factors of effective schools:
· Professional leadership
· Shared vision and goals
· A learning environment
· Concentration on teaching and learning
· High expectations
· Positive reinforcement
· Monitoring progress
· Pupil rights and responsibilities
· Purposeful teaching
· A learning organization
· Home school partnership

Smith and Tomlinson (1989:p.10) both guide us to the characteristics of successful schools as:
· Leadership and management in the school by:
o The head teacher
o The heads of department
· Teacher involvement in decision making (in curriculum, methods, organizations us...